Dr. Peter M. Groffman

Tab group

Overview

Dr. Groffman's research focuses on microbial processes in an ecosystem context. His objectives are to gain insight into 1) the role that microorganisms play in ecosystem functions related to nutrient cycling, water and air quality and soil carbon storage and 2) environmental regulation of microbes. Developing conceptual and practical ecosystem contexts for this work has required a large number of study sites and strong collaborations with other scientists.

Publications

S. Cui, Y. Shi, P. M. Groffman, W. H. Schlesinger, and Y. - G. Zhu, “Centennial-scale analysis of the creation and fate of reactive nitrogen in China (1910-2010)”, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol. 110, no. 6, p. 2052 - 2057, 2013.

G. W. Hager, et al., “Socioecological revitalization of an urban watershed”, Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, vol. 11, no. 1, p. 28 - 36, 2013.

B. G. Hong, et al., “An integrated monitoring/modeling framework for assessing human-nature interactions in urbanizing watersheds: Wappinger and Onondaga Creek watersheds, New York, USA”, Environmental Modelling and Software, vol. 32, p. 1-15, 2012.

J. Durán, J. L. Morse, and P. M. Groffman, “Comparison of in situ methods to measure N mineralization rates in forest soils”, Soil Biol. Biochem., vol. 46, p. 145-147, 2012.

N. D. Bettez and P. M. Groffman, “Denitrification Potential in Stormwater Control Structures and Natural Riparian Zones in an Urban Landscape”, Environ Sci Technol, vol. 46, no. 20, p. 10909-10917, 2012.

T. A. Newcomer, et al., “Influence of natural and novel organic carbon sources on denitrification in forest, degraded urban, and restored streams”, Ecological Monographs, vol. 82, no. 4, p. 449 - 466, 2012.

P. M. Groffman, et al., “Long-Term Integrated Studies Show Complex and Surprising Effects of Climate Change in the Northern Hardwood Forest”, BioScience, vol. 62, no. 12, p. 1056 - 1066, 2012.

D. P. C. Peters, et al., Long-term trends in ecological systems: a basis for understanding responses to global change. 2012.

M. D. Harrison, P. M. Groffman, P. M. Mayer, and S. S. Kaushal, “Microbial biomass and activity in geomorphic features in forested and urban restored and degraded streams”, Ecol. Eng., vol. 38, p. 1-10, 2012.

M. D. Harrison, P. M. Groffman, P. M. Mayer, and S. S. Kaushal, “Nitrate removal in two relict oxbow urban wetlands: A 15N mass-balance approach”, Biogeochemistry, vol. 111, no. 1-3, p. 647-660, 2012.

S. Duan, S. S. Kaushal, P. M. Groffman, L. E. Band, and K. T. Belt, “Phosphorus export across an urban to rural gradient in the Chesapeake Bay watershed”, J. Geophys. Res - Biogeosciences, vol. 117, 2012.

A. J. Burgin and P. M. Groffman, “Soil O-2 controls denitrification rates and N2O yield in a riparian wetland”, J. Geophys Res.-Biogeosciences, vol. 117, G01010, 2012.

K. Ballantine, R. Schneider, P. M. Groffman, and J. Lehmann, “Soil Properties and Vegetative Development in Four Restored Freshwater Depressional Wetlands”, Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. , vol. 76, p. 1482-1495, 2012.

P. M. Groffman and E. J. Rosi-Marshall, “The Nitrogen Cycle”, in K. C. Weathers, D. L. Strayer and G. E. Likens (eds.). Fundamentals of Ecosystem Science, 2012, p. 137-158.

S. M. Raciti, et al., “Accumulation of Carbon and Nitrogen in Residential Soils with Different Land-Use Histories”, Ecosystems, vol. 14, p. 287-297, 2011.

P. D. Brooks, P. M. Groffman, P. Grogan, M. Oquist, J. Schimel, and P. H. Templer, “Biogeochemistry of seasonally snow-covered soils”, Geography Compass, 2011.

K. J. Minick, M. C. Fisk, and P. M. Groffman, “Calcium and phosphorus interact to reduce mid-growing season net nitrogen mineralization potential in organic horizons in a northern hardwood forest”, Soil Biol. Biochem., vol. 43, p. 271-279, 2011.

P. M. Groffman and M. C. Fisk, “Calcium constrains plant control over forest ecosystem nitrogen cycling”, Ecology, vol. 92, p. 2035-2042, 2011.

J. A. Delgado, et al., “Conservation practices to mitigate and adapt to climate change”, J. Soil Water Conserv, vol. 66, p. 118A-129A, 2011.

M. D. Harrison, P. M. Groffman, P. M. Mayer, S. S. Kaushal, and T. A. Newcomer, “Denitrification in Alluvial Wetlands in an Urban Landscape”, J. Environ. Qual., vol. 40, p. 634-646, 2011.

S. M. Raciti, A. J. Burgin, P. M. Groffman, and D. N. Lewis, “Denitrification in suburban lawn soils”, J. Environ. Qual., 2011.

T. J. Fahey, et al., “Earthworm effects on the conversion of litter C and N into soil organic matter in a sugar maple forest”, Ecosystems, 2011.

P. M. Groffman, A. J. Gold, L. F. Duriancik, and R. R. Lowrance, “From “connecting the dots” to “threading the needle:” The challenges ahead in managing agricultural landscapes for environmental quality”, in P. Nowak and M. Schnepf, editors. Managing Agricultural Landscapes to Achieve More Effective Conservation, 2011, p. 1-12.

S. T. A. Pickett, M. L. Cadenasso, P. M. Groffman, and J. M. Grove, “Importance of integrated approaches and perspectives”, in D. N. Laband, B. G. Lockaby, and W. Zipperer, eds. Urban-rural interfaces: linking people and nature, 2011.

R. Lal, J. A. Delgado, P. M. Groffman, N. Millar, C. Dell, and A. Rotz, “Management to mitigate and adapt to climate change”, J. Soil Water Conserv, vol. 66, p. 276-285, 2011.

S. M. Raciti, et al., “Nitrate production and availability in residential soils”, Ecol. Appl., vol. 21, p. 2357-2366, 2011.

P. M. Groffman and M. C. Fisk, “Phosphate additions have no effect on microbial biomass and activity in a northern hardwood forest”, Soil Biol. Biochem., vol. 43, p. 2441-2449, 2011.

P. M. Groffman, et al., “Snow depth, soil freezing and nitrogen cycling in a northern hardwood forest landscape”, Biogeochemistry, vol. 102, p. 223-238, 2011.

S. S. Kaushal, P. M. Groffman, L. E. Band, E. M. Elliott, C. A. Shields, and C. Kendall, “Tracking nonpoint source nitrogen pollution in human-impacted watersheds”, Environ. Sci. Tech., vol. 45, p. 8225-8232, 2011.

T. J. Fahey, J. B. Yavitt, R. E. Sherman, P. M. Groffman, M. C. Fisk, and J. C. Maerz, “Transport of Carbon and Nitrogen Between Litter and Soil Organic Matter in a Northern Hardwood Forest”, Ecosystems, vol. 14, p. 326-340, 2011.

S. T. A. Pickett, et al., “Urban Ecological Systems: Foundations and a Decade of Progress”, J. Environ. Manage, vol. 92, p. 331-362, 2011.

C. Y. Huang, P. F. Hendrix, T. J. Fahey, P. J. Bohlen, and P. M. Groffman, “A simulation model to evaluate the impacts of invasive earthworms on soil carbon dynamics”, Ecol. Model, vol. 221, p. 2447-2457, 2010.

M. C. Fisk, T. J. Fahey, and P. M. Groffman, “Carbon resources, soil organisms, and nitrogen availability: landscape patterns in a northern hardwood forest”, For. Ecol. Manage, vol. 260, p. 1175-1183, 2010.

R. V. Pouyat, K. Szlavecz, I. D. Yesilonis, P. M. Groffman, and K. Schwarz, “Chemical, physical and biological characteristics of urban soils”, in J. Aitkenhead-Peterson and A. Volder (editors). Urban Ecosystem Ecology. Agronomy Monograph 55., 2010, p. 119-152.

D. Gift, P. M. Groffman, S. S. Kaushal, and P. M. Mayer, “Denitrification Potential, Root Biomass, and Organic Matter in Degraded and Restored Urban Riparian Zones”, Restor. Ecol., vol. 18, p. 113-120, 2010.

Y. Savva, K. Szlavecz, R. V. Pouyat, P. M. Groffman, and G. Heisler, “Effects of Land Use and Vegetation Cover on Soil Temperature in an Urban Ecosystem”, Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., vol. 74, p. 469-480, 2010.

A. J. Burgin, P. M. Groffman, and D. N. Lewis, “Factors regulating denitrification in a riparian wetland”, Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., vol. 74, p. 1826-1833, 2010.

H. A. Ewing, P. M. Groffman, and D. A. Frank, “Grazers and soil moisture determine the fate of added (NH4)-N-15 (+) in Yellowstone grasslands”, Plant Soil, vol. 328, p. 337-351, 2010.

T. K. Watson, et al., “Groundwater Denitrification Capacity of Riparian Zones in Suburban and Agricultural Watersheds”, J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc, vol. 46, p. 237-245, 2010.

S. S. Kaushal, et al., “Land use and climate variability amplify contaminant pulses”, EOS, vol. 91, p. 221-222, 2010.

L. Claessens, C. L. Tague, P. M. Groffman, and J. M. Melack, “Longitudinal and seasonal variation of stream N uptake in an urbanizing watershed: effect of organic matter, stream size, transient storage and debris dams”, Biogeochemistry, vol. 98, p. 45-62, 2010.

L. Claessens, C. L. Tague, P. M. Groffman, and J. M. Melack, “Longitudinal assessment of the effect of concentration on stream N uptake rates in an urbanizing watershed”, Biogeochemistry, vol. 98, p. 63-74, 2010.

P. M. Mayer, P. M. Groffman, E. A. Striz, and S. S. Kaushal, “Nitrogen Dynamics at the Groundwater-Surface Water Interface of a Degraded Urban Stream”, J. Environ. Qual., vol. 39, p. 810-823, 2010.

P. M. Groffman, et al., “Restarting the conversation: Challenges at the interface between ecology and society”, Front. Ecol. Environ., vol. 8, p. 284-291, 2010.

A. Whitmer, et al., “The engaged university: providing a platform for research that transforms society”, Front. Ecol. Environ., vol. 8, p. 314-321, 2010.

D. Osmond, et al., “The Role of Interface Organizations in Science Communication and Understanding”, Front. Ecol. Environ., vol. 8, p. 306-313, 2010.

E. Kiviat, G. Mihocko, G. Stevens, P. M. Groffman, and D. Van Hoewyk, “Vegetation, soils, and land use in calcareous fens of eastern New York and adjacent Connecticut”, Rhodora, vol. 112, p. 335-354, 2010.

L. M. Christenson, M. J. Mitchell, P. M. Groffman, and G. M. Lovett, “Winter climate change implications for decomposition in Northeastern forests: Comparisons of sugar maple litter to herbivore fecal inputs”, Global Change Biol., vol. 16, p. 2589-2601, 2010.

F. M. C. Minick, K. J. and P. M. Groffman, “Calcium influences microbial C and N mineralization in northern hardwood forest soils: a field and laboratory study”, J. Nematology, vol. 41, p. 357-358, 2009.

P. M. Groffman, et al., “Challenges to incorporating spatially and temporally explicit phenomena (hotspots and hot moments) in denitrification models”, Biogeochemistry, vol. 93, p. 49-77, 2009.

P. M. Groffman, J. P. Hardy, M. C. Fisk, T. J. Fahey, and C. T. Driscoll, “Climate Variation and Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Cycling Processes in a Northern Hardwood Forest”, Ecosystems, vol. 12, p. 927-943, 2009.

J. L. Campbell, et al., “Consequences of climate change for biogeochemical cycling in forests of northeastern North America”, Can. J. For. Res., vol. 39, 2009.

S. W. Donohue, M. H. Stolt, A. J. Gold, and P. M. Groffman, “Human-Transported Material Soils of Urbanizing Estuarine Landscapes”, Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., vol. 73, p. 1587-1596, 2009.

L. Claessens, C. L. Tague, L. E. Band, P. M. Groffman, and S. T. Kenworthy, “Hydro-ecological linkages in urbanizing watersheds: An empirical assessment of in-stream nitrate loss and evidence of saturation kinetics”, J. Geophys. Res.-Biogeo, vol. 114, p. Art.No.G04016, 2009.

K. N. Hopfensperger, C. M. Gault, and P. M. Groffman, “Influence of plant communities and soil properties on trace gas fluxes in riparian northern hardwood forests”, For. Ecol. Manage, vol. 258, p. 2076-2082, 2009.

R. V. Pouyat, M. M. Carreiro, P. M. Groffman, and M. A. Pavao-Zuckerman, “Investigative approaches to urban biogeochemical cycles: New York metropolitan area and Baltimore as case studies.”, in M. J. McDonnell, J. Breuste, and A. K. Hahs (eds.). Ecology of Cities and Towns: A Comparative Approach, 2009, p. 329-351.

P. M. Groffman and R. V. Pouyat, “Methane uptake in urban forests and lawns”, Environ. Sci. Technol., vol. 43, p. 5229-5235, 2009.

P. M. Groffman, E. A. Davidson, and S. P. Seitzinger, “New approaches to modeling denitrification”, Biogeochemistry, vol. 93, p. 1-5, 2009.

P. M. Groffman, C. O. Williams, R. V. Pouyat, L. E. Band, and I. C. Yesilonis, “Nitrate leaching and nitrous oxide flux in urban forests and grasslands”, J. Environ. Qual., vol. 38, p. 1848-1860, 2009.

C. A. Klocker, S. S. Kaushal, P. M. Groffman, P. M. Mayer, and R. P. Morgan, “Nitrogen uptake and denitrification in restored and unrestored streams in urban Maryland, USA”, Aquat. Sci., vol. 71, p. 411-424, 2009.

D. A. Frank and P. M. Groffman, “Plant rhizospheric N processes: what we don't know and why we should care”, Ecology, vol. 90, 2009.

G. A. Blazejewski, M. H. Stolt, A. J. Gold, N. Gurwick, and P. M. Groffman, “Spatial Distribution of Carbon in the Subsurface of Riparian Zones”, Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., vol. 73, p. 1733-1740, 2009.

K. Szlavecz, et al., “Urban soil fauna and ecosystem services: examples from the Baltimore Ecosystem Study”, J. Nematology, vol. 41, p. 383-384, 2009.

S. T. A. Pickett, et al., “Beyond urban legends: An emerging framework of urban ecology, as illustrated by the Baltimore Ecosystem Study”, BioScience, vol. 58, p. 139-150, 2008.

N. L. Cleavitt, T. J. Fahey, P. M. Groffman, J. P. Hardy, K. S. Henry, and C. T. Driscoll, “Effects of soil freezing on fine roots in a northern hardwood forest”, Can. J. For. Res., vol. 38, p. 82-91, 2008.

S. S. Kaushal, P. M. Groffman, P. M. Mayer, E. Striz, and A. J. Gold, “Effects of stream restoration on denitrification in an urbanizing watershed”, Ecol. Appl., vol. 18, p. 789-804, 2008.

M. L. Cadenasso, et al., “Exchanges across land-water-scape boundaries in urban systems: Strategies for reducing nitrate pollution”, in R. S. Ostfeld and W. H. Schlesinger (eds.). The Year in Ecology and Conservation Biology. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, vol. 1134, 2008, p. 213-232.

J. M. Steinweg, M. C. Fisk, B. McAlexander, P. M. Groffman, and J. P. Hardy, “Experimental snowpack reduction alters organic matter and net N mineralization potential of soil macroaggregates in a northern hardwood forest”, Biology and Fertility of Soils, vol. 45, p. 1-10, 2008.

S. S. Kaushal, et al., “Interaction between urbanization and climate variability amplifies watershed nitrate export in Maryland”, Environ. Sci. Technol., vol. 42, p. 5872-5878, 2008.

D. P. C. Peters, et al., “Living in an increasingly connected world: a framework for continental-scale environmental science”, Front. Ecol. Environ., vol. 6, p. 229-237, 2008.

N. P. Gurwick, P. M. Groffman, J. B. Yavitt, A. J. Gold, G. A. Blazejewski, and M. Stolt, “Microbially available carbon in buried riparian soils in a glaciated landscape”, Soil Biol. Biochem., vol. 40, p. 85-96, 2008.

N. P. Gurwick, D. M. McCorkle, P. M. Groffman, A. J. Gold, D. Q. Kellogg, and P. Seitz-Rundlett, “Mineralization of ancient carbon in the subsurface of riparian forests”, J. Geophys. Res., vol. 113, p. Art.No.G02021, 2008.

P. M. Groffman, “Nitrogen balances at ecosystem, landscape, regional and global scales”, in J. Schepers and W. Raun (eds). Nitrogen in Agricultural Soils, 2008, p. 731-758.

S. M. Raciti, P. M. Groffman, and T. J. Fahey, “Nitrogen retention in urban lawns and forests”, Ecol. Appl., vol. 18, p. 1615-1626, 2008.

M. Zaman, M. L. Nguyen, A. J. Gold, P. M. Groffman, D. Q. Kellogg, and R. J. Wilcock, “Nitrous oxide generation, denitrification, and nitrate removal in a seepage wetland intercepting surface and subsurface flows from a grazed dairy catchment”, Austral. J. Soil. Res., vol. 46, p. 565-577, 2008.

D. Q. Kellogg, A. J. Gold, P. M. Groffman, M. H. Stolt, and K. Addy, “Riparian ground-water flow patterns using flownet analysis: Evapotranspiration-induced upwelling and implications for N removal”, J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc, vol. 44, p. 1024-1034, 2008.

M. V. Kulkarni, P. M. Groffman, and J. B. Yavitt, “Solving the global nitrogen problem: It’s a gas!”, Front. Ecol. Environ., vol. 6, p. 199-206, 2008.

“Stream restoration strategies for reducing river nitrogen loads”, Front. Ecol. Environ., vol. 6, p. 529-538, 2008.

C. A. Shields, et al., “Streamflow distribution of non–point source nitrogen export from urban-rural catchments in the Chesapeake Bay watershed”, Water Resour. Res., vol. 44, p. Art.No.W09416, 2008.

N. B. Grimm, et al., “The changing landscape: Ecosystem responses to urbanization and pollution across climatic and societal gradients”, Front. Ecol. Environ., vol. 6, p. 264-272, 2008.

P. M. Groffman, et al., “Corregendium: Land use context and natural soil controls on plant community composition and soil nitrogen and carbon dynamics in urban and rural forests”, For. Ecol. Manage, vol. 246, p. 296-297, 2007.

J. A. Dittman, C. T. Driscoll, P. M. Groffman, and T. J. Fahey, “Dynamics of nitrogen and dissolved organic carbon at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest”, Ecology, vol. 88, p. 1153-1166, 2007.

T. J. Clough, K. Addy, D. Q. Kellogg, B. L. Nowicki, A. J. Gold, and P. M. Groffman, “Dynamics of nitrous oxide in groundwater at the aquatic-terrestrial interface”, Global Change Biol., vol. 13, p. 1528-1537, 2007.

P. M. Groffman, P. Capel, K. Riiters, and W. Yang, “Ecosystem services in agricultural landscapes”, in M. Schnepf and C. Cox (eds.). Managing Agricultural Landscapes for Environmental Quality: Strengthening the Science Base, 2007, p. 3-17.

K. E. Judd, G. E. Likens, and P. M. Groffman, “High nitrate retention during winter in soils of the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest”, Ecosystems, 2007.

J. L. Campbell, M. J. Mitchell, B. Mayer, P. M. Groffman, and L. M. Christenson, “Mobility of nitrogen-15-labeled nitrate and sulfur-34-labeled sulfate during snowmelt”, Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., vol. 71, p. 1934-1944, 2007.

G. P. Robertson and P. M. Groffman, “Nitrogen transformations”, in E. A. Paul (ed.). Soil Microbiology, Ecology, and Biochemistry, Third Edition, 2007, p. 341-364.

R. V. Pouyat, K. T. Belt, D. E. Pataki, P. M. Groffman, J. Hom, and L. E. Band, “Urban land-use change effects on biogeochemical cycles”, in P. Canadell, D. Pataki and L. Pitelka (eds.). Terrestrial Ecosystems in a Changing World, 2007, p. 45-58.

S. T. A. Pickett, et al., “Watersheds in Baltimore, Maryland: Understanding and application of integrated ecological and social processes”, J. Contemporary Watershed Research and Application, vol. 136, p. 44-55, 2007.

J. P. Kaye, P. M. Groffman, N. B. Grimm, L. A. Baker, and R. V. Pouyat, “A distinct urban biogeochemistry?”, Trends Res. Ecol. Evol., vol. 21, p. 192-199, 2006.

P. M. Groffman, et al., “Calcium Additions and Microbial Nitrogen Cycle Processes in a Northern Hardwood Forest”, Ecosystems, vol. 9, p. 1289-1305, 2006.

R. Hale and P. M. Groffman, “Chloride effects on nitrogen dynamics in forested and suburban stream debris dams”, J. Environ. Qual., vol. 35, p. 2425-2432, 2006.

P. M. Groffman, et al., “Ecological thresholds: The key to successful environmental management or an important concept with no practical application?”, Ecosystems, vol. 9, p. 1-13, 2006.

K. Szlavecz, S. A. Placella, R. V. Pouyat, P. M. Groffman, C. Csuzdi, and I. Yesilonis, “Invasive earthworm species and nitrogen cycling in remnant forest patches”, Appl. Soil Ecol., vol. 32, p. 54-62, 2006.

P. M. Groffman, et al., “Land use context and natural soil controls on plant community composition and soil nitrogen and carbon dynamics in urban and rural forests”, For. Ecol. Manage, vol. 236, p. 177-192, 2006.

P. M. Groffman, R. T. Venterea, L. V. Verchot, and C. S. Potter, “Landscape and regional scale studies of nitrogen gas fluxes.”, in J. Wu, K. B. Jones, H. Li, and O. L. Loucks (eds.). Scaling and Uncertainty Analysis in Ecology: Methods and Applications, 2006, p. 191-203.

M. C. Fisk, W. R. Kessler, A. Goodale, T. J. Fahey, P. M. Groffman, and C. T. Driscoll, “Landscape variation in microarthropod response to calcium addition in a northern hardwood forest ecosystem”, Pedobiologia, vol. 50, p. 69-78, 2006.

C. G. Jones, J. L. Gutiérrez, P. M. Groffman, and M. Shachak, “Linking ecosystem engineers to soil processes: A framework using the Jenny State Factor Equation”, European J. Soil Biol., vol. 42, p. S39-S53, 2006.

P. M. Groffman, et al., “Methods for measuring denitrification: Diverse approaches to a difficult problem”, Ecol. Appl., vol. 16, p. 2091-2122, 2006.

P. A. Jacinthe and P. M. Groffman, “Microbial nitrogen cycling processes in a sulfidic coastal marsh”, Wetl. Ecol. Manage, vol. 14, p. 123-131, 2006.

E. R. Suárez, T. J. Fahey, J. B. Yavitt, P. M. Groffman, and P. J. Bohlen, “Patterns of litter disappearance in a northern hardwood forest invaded by exotic earthworms”, Ecol. Appl., vol. 16, p. 154-165, 2006.

L. H. Pardo, P. H. Templer, C. L. Goodale, S. Duke, P. M. Groffman, and G. M. Lovett, “Regional assessment of N saturation using foliar and root delta N-15”, Biogeochemistry, vol. 80, p. 143-171, 2006.

P. M. Groffman, J. P. Hardy, C. T. Driscoll, and T. J. Fahey, “Snow depth, soil freezing and trace gas fluxes in a northern hardwood forest”, Global Change Biol., vol. 12, p. 1748-1760, 2006.

E. R. Suárez, T. J. Fahey, P. M. Groffman, J. B. Yavitt, and P. J. Bohlen, “Spatial and temporal dynamics of exotic earthworm communities along invasion fronts in a temperate hardwood forest in South-Central New York (USA)”, Biol. Invasions, vol. 8, p. 553-564, 2006.

J. L. Gutiérrez, et al., “The contribution of crab burrow excavation to carbon availability in surficial salt-marsh sediments”, Ecosystems, vol. 9, p. 647-658, 2006.

M. F. Smith, et al., “Creating individual awareness about responsible conduct in research: A case study of one institution's approach for researchers and administrators”, J. Research Administration, vol. 36, p. 21-25, 2005.

K. Addy, A. J. Gold, B. L. Nowicki, J. McKenna, M. Stolt, and P. M. Groffman, “Denitrification capacity in a subterranean estuary below a Rhode Island salt marsh”, Estuaries, vol. 28, p. 896-908, 2005.

D. Q. Kellogg, A. J. Gold, P. M. Groffman, K. Addy, M. H. Stolt, and G. A. Blazejewski, “In situ groundwater denitrification in stratified permeable soils underlying riparian wetlands”, J. Environ. Qual., vol. 34, p. 524-533, 2005.

S. S. Kaushal, et al., “Increased salinization of fresh water in the northeastern United States”, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci., vol. 102, p. 13517-13520, 2005.

P. H. Templer, P. M. Groffman, A. S. Flecker, and A. G. Power, “Land use change and soil nutrient cycling in the Los Haitises region of the Dominican Republic”, Soil Biol. Biochem., vol. 37, p. 215-225, 2005.

S. D. Hafner, P. M. Groffman, and M. J. Mitchell, “Leaching of dissolved organic carbon, dissolved organic nitrogen, and other solutes from coarse woody debris and litter in a mixed forest in New York State”, Biogeochemistry, vol. 74, p. 257-282, 2005.

G. A. Blazejewski, M. H. Stolt, A. J. Gold, and P. M. Groffman, “Macro- and micromorphology of subsurface carbon in riparian zone soils”, Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., vol. 69, p. 1320-1329, 2005.

P. M. Groffman, A. M. Dorsey, and P. M. Mayer, “Nitrogen processing within geomorphic features in urban streams”, J. N. Am. Benthol. Soc., vol. 24, p. 613-625, 2005.

S. D. Hafner and P. M. Groffman, “Soil nitrogen cycling under litter and coarse woody debris in a mixed forest in New York State”, Soil Biol. Biochem., vol. 37, p. 2159-2162, 2005.

T. J. Fahey, et al., “The biogeochemistry of carbon at Hubbard Brook”, Biogeochemistry, vol. 75, p. 109-176, 2005.

C. J. Walsh, A. H. Roy, J. W. Feminella, P. E. Cottingham, and P. M. Groffman, “The urban stream syndrome: Current knowledge and the search for a cure”, J. N. Am. Benthol. Soc., vol. 24, p. 706-723, 2005.

J. L. Campbell, M. J. Mitchell, P. M. Groffman, and L. M. Christenson, “Winter in northeastern North America: An often overlooked but critical period for ecological processes”, Front. Ecol. Environ., vol. 3, p. 314-322, 2005.

P. M. Groffman, et al., “A new governance structure for the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study”, Bull. Ecol. Soc. Am., vol. 85, p. 5-6, 2004.

C. A. Johnston, et al., “Carbon cycling in soil”, Front. Ecol. Environ., vol. 10, p. 522-528, 2004.

C. Wigand, R. McKinney, M. Chintala, M. Charpentier, and P. M. Groffman, “Denitrification enzyme activity of fringe salt marshes in New England (USA)”, J. Environ. Qual., vol. 33, p. 1144-1151, 2004.

M. C. Fisk, T. J. Fahey, P. M. Groffman, and P. J. Bohlen, “Earthworm invasion, fine root distributions and soil respiration in north temperate forests”, Ecosystems, vol. 7, p. 55-62, 2004.

P. J. Bohlen, P. M. Groffman, T. J. Fahey, and M. C. Fisk, “Ecosystem consequences of exotic earthworm invasion of north temperate forests”, Ecosystems, vol. 7, p. 1-13, 2004.

M. Shachak, R. Waide, and P. M. Groffman, “Ecosystem processes: A link between species and landscape diversity”, in M. Shachak, J. Gosz, S. T. A. Pickett, and A. Perevolotsky (eds.). Biodiversity in Drylands: Toward a Unified Framework, 2004, p. 220-232.

E. Suàrez, T. J. Fahey, P. M. Groffman, P. J. Bohlen, and M. C. Fisk, “Effects of exotic earthworms on soil phosphorus cycling in two broadleaf temperate forests”, Ecosystems, vol. 7, p. 28-44, 2004.

P. M. Groffman, P. J. Bohlen, M. C. Fisk, and T. J. Fahey, “Exotic earthworm invasion and microbial biomass in temperate forest soils”, Ecosystems, vol. 7, p. 45-54, 2004.

R. T. Venterea, P. M. Groffman, L. V. Verchot, A. H. Magill, and J. D. Aber, “Gross nitrogen process rates in temperate forest soils exhibiting symptoms of nitrogen saturation”, For. Ecol. Manage, vol. 196, p. 129-142, 2004.

P. J. Bohlen, P. M. Groffman, T. J. Fahey, and M. C. Fisk, “Influence of earthworm invasion on redistribution and retention of soil carbon and nitrogen in northern temperate forests”, Ecosystems, vol. 7, p. 13-29, 2004.

P. J. Bohlen, et al., “Invasive earthworms as agents of change in north temperate forests”, Front. Ecol. Environ., vol. 8, p. 427-435, 2004.

W. M. Cook, D. G. Casagrande, D. Hope, P. M. Groffman, and S. L. Collins, “Learning to roll with the punches: Adaptive experimentation in human-dominated systems”, Front. Ecol. Environ., vol. 9, p. 467-474, 2004.

P. M. Groffman, E. Zaady, and M. Shachak, “Microbial contribution to biodiversity at organism, landscape and ecosystem scales”, in M. Shachak, J. Gosz, S. T. A. Pickett, and A. Perevolotsky (eds.). Biodiversity in Drylands: Toward a Unified Framework, 2004, p. 109-121.

P. M. Groffman, N. L. Law, K. T. Belt, L. E. Band, and G. T. Fisher, “Nitrogen fluxes and retention in urban watershed ecosystems”, Ecosystems, vol. 7, p. 393-403, 2004.

P. M. Groffman, et al., “Nor gloom of night: A new conceptual model for the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study”, BioScience, vol. 54, p. 139-148, 2004.

R. T. Venterea, P. M. Groffman, M. S. Castro, L. V. Verchot, I. J. Fernandez, and M. B. Adams, “Soil emissions of nitric oxide in two forest watersheds subjected to elevated inputs”, For. Ecol. Manage, vol. 196, p. 335-349, 2004.

P. M. Mayer, E. Striz, R. Shedlock, E. J. Doheny, and P. M. Groffman, “The effects of ecosystem restoration on nitrogen processing in an urban mid-Atlantic Piedmont stream”, in K. G. Renard, S. A. McElroy, W. J. Gburek, E. H. Canfield, and R. L. Scott (eds.). First Interagency Conference on Research in the Watersheds, October 2003., 2004, p. 536-541.

M. Rotkin-Ellman, K. Addy, A. J. Gold, and P. M. Groffman, “Tree species, root decomposition and subsurface denitrification potential in riparian wetlands”, Plant Soil, vol. 263, p. 335-344, 2004.

P. M. Groffman, A. J. Gold, D. Q. Kellogg, and K. Addy, “Mechanisms, rates and assessment of N2O in groundwater, riparian zones and rivers”, in J. van Ham, A. P. M. Baede, R. Guicherit, J. G. F. M. Williams-Jacobse (eds.). Non-CO2 Greenhouse Gases: Scientific Understanding, Control Options and Policy Aspects, 2002, p. 159-166.

P. M. Groffman, A. J. Gold, D. Q. Kellogg, and K. Addy, “Nitrous oxide emissions derived from N leaching”, in S. O. Peterson and J. E. Olesen (eds.). Greenhouse Gas Inventories for Agriculture in the Nordic Countries, 2002, p. 143-155.

G. S. Steinhart, G. E. Likens, and P. M. Groffman, “Denitrification in stream sediments in five northeastern (USA) streams”, Verh. Int. Ver. Limnol., vol. 27, p. 1331-1336, 2000.

P. M. Groffman, et al., “Evaluating annual nitrous oxide fluxes at the ecosystem scale”, Global Biogeochem. Cycles, vol. 14, p. 1061-1070, 2000.

L. M. Connors, E. Kiviat, P. M. Groffman, and R. S. Ostfeld, “Muskrat (Ondatra zibethicus) disturbance to vegetation and potential net nitrogen mineralization and nitrification rates in a freshwater tidal marsh”, Am. Midl. Nat., vol. 148, p. 53-63, 2000.

P. M. Groffman, A. J. Gold, and K. Addy, “Nitrous oxide production in riparian zones and its importance to national emission inventories”, Chemosphere - Global Change Sci., vol. 2, p. 291-299, 2000.

D. Van Hoewyk, P. M. Groffman, E. Kiviat, G. Mihocko, and G. Stevens, “Soil nitrogen dynamics in organic and mineral soil fens in eastern New York”, Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., vol. 64, p. 2168-2173, 2000.

P. M. Groffman and C. G. Jones, “Soil processes and global change: will invertebrates make a difference?”, in D. C. Coleman and P. F. Hendrix (eds.). Invertebrates as Webmasters in Ecosystems, 2000, p. 313-326.

A. J. Gold, P. M. Groffman, K. Addy, D. Q. Kellogg, and A. E. Rosenblatt, “The role of landscape setting in riparian groundwater nitrate removal”, in P. J. Wiggington, Jr. and R. L. Beshta (eds.). Riparian Ecology and Management in Multi-Land Use Watersheds; Proceedings, 2000, p. 113-117.

D. A. Frank, P. M. Groffman, R. D. Evans, and B. F. Tracy, “Ungulate stimulation of nitrogen cycling in Yellowstone Park grasslands”, Oecologia, vol. 123, p. 116-123, 2000.

P. M. Groffman, “Carbon additions increase nitrogen availability in northern hardwood forest soils”, Biol. Fertil. Soils, vol. 29, p. 430-433, 1999.

P. M. Groffman, E. Holland, D. D. Myrold, G. P. Robertson, and X. Zou, “Denitrification”, in G. P. Robertson, C. S. Bledsoe, D. C. Coleman, and P. Sollins (eds.). Standard Soil Methods for Long Term Ecological Research, 1999, p. 272-288.

K. Addy, A. J. Gold, P. M. Groffman, and P. A. Jacinthe, “Groundwater nitrate removal in forested and mowed riparian buffer zones”, J. Environ. Qual., vol. 28, p. 962-970, 1999.

S. Otto, P. M. Groffman, S. E. G. Findlay, and A. Arreola, “Invasive plant species and microbial processes in a tidal freshwater marsh”, J. Environ. Qual., vol. 28, p. 1252-1257, 1999.

E. A. Holland, R. Boone, J. Greenberg, P. M. Groffman, and G. P. Robertson, “Measurement of soil CO2, N2O and CH4 exchange”, in G. P. Robertson, C. S. Bledsoe, D. C. Coleman, and P. Sollins (eds.). Standard Soil Methods for Long Term Ecological Research, 1999, p. 185-201.

P. M. Groffman, “Nitrogen in the environment”, in M. E. Sumner (ed.). Handbook of Soil Science, 1999, p. C190-200.

W. J. Mitsch, et al., Reducing nutrient loads, especially nitrate-nitrogen, to surface water, groundwater, and the Gulf of Mexico. Topic 5 Report for the Integrated Assessment on Hypoxia in the Gulf of Mexico, vol. NOAA Coastal Ocean Program, Decision Analysis Series No. 19. 1999.

P. M. Groffman, J. P. Hardy, S. Nolan, C. T. Driscoll, and T. J. Fahey, “Snow depth, soil frost and nutrient loss in a northern hardwood forest”, Hydrol. Process, vol. 13, p. 2275-2286, 1999.

P. M. Groffman and P. J. Bohlen, “Soil and sediment biodiversity: cross-system comparisons and large scale effects”, BioScience, vol. 49, p. 139-148, 1999.

G. P. Robertson, et al., “Soil carbon and nitrogen availability: nitrogen mineralization, nitrification and carbon turnover”, in G. P. Robertson, C. S. Bledsoe, D. C. Coleman, and P. Sollins (eds.). Standard Soil Methods for Long Term Ecological Research, 1999, p. 258-271.

S. Shem-Tov, E. Zaady, P. M. Groffman, and Y. Gutterman, “Soil carbon content along a rainfall gradient and inhibition of germination: a potential mechanism for regulating distribution of Plantago coronopus”, Soil Biol. Biochem., vol. 31, p. 1209-1218, 1999.

D. A. Frank and P. M. Groffman, “Denitrification in a semi-arid grazing ecosystem”, Oecologia, vol. 117, p. 564-569, 1998.

P. M. Groffman, “Denitrification in soils and its impact on soil fertility and environmental quality”, in N. S. Subbarao and Y. R. Dommergues (eds.). Microbial Interactions in Agriculture and Forestry, 1998, p. 165-191.

A. E. Burtelow, P. J. Bohlen, and P. M. Groffman, “Influence of exotic earthworm invasion on soil organic matter, microbial biomass and denitrification potential in forest soils of the northeastern United States”, Appl. Soil Ecol., vol. 9, p. 197-202, 1998.

M. L. Pace and P. M. Groffman, “Introduction: needs and concerns in ecosystem science”, in M. L. Pace and P. M. Groffman (eds.). Successes, Limitations, and Frontiers in Ecosystem Science, 1998, p. 1-6.

E. Zaady, P. M. Groffman, and M. Shachak, “Nitrogen fixation in macro- and microphytic patches in the Negev desert”, Soil Biol. Biochem., vol. 30, p. 449-454, 1998.

P. M. Groffman, A. J. Gold, and P. A. Jacinthe, “Nitrous oxide production in riparian zones and groundwater”, Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems, vol. 52, p. 179-186, 1998.

A. J. Gold, P. A. Jacinthe, P. M. Groffman, and R. H. Puffer, “Patchiness in groundwater nitrate removal in a riparian forest”, J. Environ. Qual., vol. 27, p. 146-155, 1998.

P. A. Jacinthe, P. M. Groffman, A. J. Gold, and A. Mosier, “Patchiness in microbial nitrogen transformations in groundwater in a riparian forest”, J. Environ. Qual., vol. 27, p. 156-164, 1998.

M. L. Pace and P. M. Groffman, “Successes, Limitations and Frontiers in Ecosystem Science: reflections on the Seventh Cary Conference”, Ecosystems, vol. 1, p. 137-142, 1998.

Successes, Limitations, and Frontiers in Ecosystem Science. 1998, p. 499.

P. M. Groffman and M. L. Pace, “Synthesis: What kind of discipline is this, anyhow?”, in M. L. Pace and P. M. Groffman (eds.). Successes, Limitations, and Frontiers in Ecosystem Science, 1998, p. 473-481.

D. A. Frank and P. M. Groffman, “Ungulate vs. landscape control of soil C and N processes in grasslands of Yellowstone National Park”, Ecology, vol. 79, p. 2229-2241, 1998.

P. M. Groffman, “Contaminant effects on microbial functions in riparian buffer zones”, in N. E. Haycock, T. Burt, K. Goulding, and G. Pinay (eds.). Buffer Zones: Their Processes and Potential in Water Protection, 1997, p. 83-92.

P. M. Groffman and G. C. Hanson, “Denitrification in red maple wetlands: influence of site quality and relationships with wetland delineation protocols”, Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., vol. 61, p. 323-329, 1997.

G. V. Voos and P. M. Groffman, “Dissipation of 2,4-D and dicamba in a heterogeneous landscape”, Appl. Soil Ecol., vol. 5, p. 181-187, 1997.

D. A. Steinberg, R. V. Pouyat, R. W. Parmelee, and P. M. Groffman, “Earthworm activity and nitrogen mineralization rates along an urban-rural land use gradient”, Soil Biol. Biochem., vol. 29, p. 427-430, 1997.

P. M. Groffman, “Ecological constraints on the ability of precision agriculture to improve the environmental performance of agricultural production systems”, in Precision Agriculture: Spatial and Temporal Variability of Environmental Quality. Ciba Foundation Symposium 210., 1997, p. 52-64.

M. J. McDonnell, et al., “Ecosystem processes along an urban-to-rural gradient”, Urban Ecosyst., vol. 1, p. 21-36, 1997.

P. M. Groffman, “Global biodiversity: is it in the mud and the dirt?”, Trends Ecol. Evol., vol. 12, p. 301-302, 1997.

P. L. Ringold and P. M. Groffman, “Inferential studies of climate change”, Ecol. Appl., vol. 7, p. 751-752, 1997.

S. L. Tartowski, et al., “Integration of species and ecosystem approaches to conservation”, in S. T. A. Pickett, R. S. Ostfeld, M. Shachak, and G. E. Likens (eds.). The Ecological Basis of Conservation: Heterogeneity, Ecosystems, and Biodiversity, 1997, p. 187-192.

G. Voos and P. M. Groffman, “Relationships between microbial biomass and dissipation of 2,4-D and dicamba in soil”, Biol. Fertil. Soils, vol. 24, p. 106-110, 1997.

R. Lowrance, et al., “Water quality functions of riparian forest buffers in Chesapeake Bay watersheds”, Environ. Manage, vol. 21, p. 687-712, 1997.

J. N. Boyer and P. M. Groffman, “Bioavailability of water extractable organic carbon fractions in forest and agricultural soil profiles”, Soil Biol. Biochem., vol. 28, p. 783-790, 1996.

P. M. Groffman, P. Eagan, W. M. Sullivan, and J. L. Lemunyon, “Grass species and soil type effects on microbial biomass and activity”, Plant Soil, vol. 183, p. 61-67, 1996.

P. M. Groffman, “Integration of soil science in ecological research”, in R. J. Wagenet and J. Bouma (eds.). The Role of Soil Science in Interdisciplinary Research, 1996, p. 57-66.

E. Zaady, P. M. Groffman, and M. Shachak, “Litter as a regulator of nitrogen and carbon dynamics in macrophytic patches in Negev desert soils”, Soil Biol. Biochem., vol. 28, p. 39-46, 1996.

P. M. Groffman, G. Howard, A. J. Gold, and W. M. Nelson, “Microbial nitrate processing in shallow groundwater in a riparian forest”, J. Environ. Qual., vol. 25, p. 1309-1316, 1996.

M. G. Öquist, B. H. Svensson, P. M. Groffman, and M. Taylor, Non-tidal wetlands. 1996, p. 215-240.

E. Zaady, P. M. Groffman, and M. Shachak, “Release and consumption of nitrogen from snail feces in Negev desert soils”, Biol. Fertil. Soils, vol. 23, p. 399-405, 1996.

P. M. Groffman, G. C. Hanson, E. Kiviat, and G. Stevens, “Variation in microbial parameters in four different wetland types”, Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., vol. 60, p. 622-629, 1996.

P. M. Groffman, “Assessment and importance of denitrification as a source of soil nitrogen loss in tropical agroecosystems”, Fert. Res., vol. 42, p. 139-148, 1995.

R. V. Pouyat, et al., “Carbon and nitrogen dynamics in oak stands along an urban-rural land use gradient”, in J. M. Kelly and W. W. McFee (eds.). Carbon Forms and Functions in Forest Soils, 1995, p. 569-587.

P. M. Groffman, R. V. Pouyat, M. J. McDonnell, S. T. A. Pickett, and W. C. Zipperer, “Carbon pools and trace gas fluxes in urban forest soils”, in R. Lal, J. Kimble, E. Levine, and B. A. Stewart (eds.). Advances in Soil Science: Soil Management and Greenhouse Effect, 1995, p. 147-158.

M. B. Goldman, P. M. Groffman, R. V. Pouyat, M. J. McDonnell, and S. T. A. Pickett, “CH4 uptake and N availability in forest soils along an urban to rural gradient”, Soil Biol. Biochem., vol. 27, p. 281-286, 1995.

P. M. Groffman, A. J. Gold, and G. Howard, “Effects of hydrologic tracers on soil microbial activities”, Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., vol. 59, p. 478-481, 1995.

P. M. Groffman and C. L. Turner, “Plant productivity and nitrogen gas fluxes in tallgrass prairie”, Landscape Ecol., vol. 10, p. 255-266, 1995.

W. M. Nelson, A. J. Gold, and P. M. Groffman, “Spatial and temporal variation in groundwater nitrate removal in a riparian forest”, J. Environ. Qual., vol. 24, p. 691-699, 1995.

R. Lowrance, et al., “Water quality functions of riparian forest buffer systems in the Chesapeake Bay watershed”, US Environ. Prot. Agency Rep. #EPA 903-R-95-004., Washington, D. C., p. 67, 1995.

P. M. Groffman and R. J. Wagenet, “Advances and pitfalls in translating information across scales”, Proc. 15th World Congr. Soil Sci., vol. 6a, p. 662-681, 1994.

C. P. Duncan and P. M. Groffman, “Comparing microbial parameters in natural and artificial wetlands”, J. Environ. Qual., vol. 23, p. 298-305, 1994.

P. M. Groffman, “Denitrification in freshwater wetlands”, Curr. Top. Wetland Biogeochem, vol. 1, p. 15-35, 1994.

G. C. Hanson, P. M. Groffman, and A. J. Gold, “Denitrification in riparian wetlands receiving high and low groundwater nitrate inputs”, J. Environ. Qual., vol. 23, p. 917-922, 1994.

Integrated Regional Models: Interactions Between Humans and Their Environment. 1994, p. 157.

G. Voos, P. M. Groffman, and M. Tfeil, “Laboratory analysis of 2,4-D and dicamba residues in soil”, J. Agric. Food Chem, vol. 42, p. 2502-2507, 1994.

G. C. Hanson, P. M. Groffman, and A. J. Gold, “Symptoms of nitrogen saturation in a riparian wetland”, Ecol. Appl., vol. 4, p. 750-756, 1994.

P. M. Groffman, C. W. Rice, and J. M. Tiedje, “Denitrification in a tallgrass prairie landscape”, Ecology, vol. 74, p. 855-862, 1993.

P. M. Groffman, D. R. Zak, S. Christensen, A. R. Mosier, and J. M. Tiedje, “Early spring nitrogen dynamics in a temperate forest landscape”, Ecology, vol. 74, p. 1579-1585, 1993.

G. E. Likens and P. M. Groffman, Integrated regional models [workshop report], vol. 74. 1993, p. 226-228.

A. J. Gold and P. M. Groffman, “Leaching of agrichemicals from suburban areas”, in K. D. Racke (ed.). Pesticides in Urban Environments: Fate and Significance, 1993, p. 182-190.

S. S. Batie, et al., Soil and Water Quality: An Agenda for Agriculture. 1993, p. 516.

P. M. Groffman, “Soil microbiology: contributions from the gene to the global scale”, in T. Sims (ed.). Agricultural Research in the Northeastern United States: A Critical Review by Soil and Crop Scientists, 1993, p. 19-26.

J. Schimel, et al., “Impacts of trace gas fluxes in mid-latitude ecosystems”, in D. S. Ojima and B. H. Svennsson (eds.). Trace Gas Fluxes in a Global Perspective, 1992, p. 124-132.

R. C. Simmons, A. J. Gold, and P. M. Groffman, “Nitrate dynamics in riparian forests: groundwater studies”, J. Environ. Qual., vol. 21, p. 656-665, 1992.

P. M. Groffman, A. J. Gold, and R. C. Simmons, “Nitrate dynamics in riparian forests: microbial studies”, J. Environ. Qual., vol. 21, p. 666-671, 1992.

P. M. Groffman, J. M. Tiedje, D. L. Mokma, and S. M. Simkin, “Regional scale estimates of denitrification in north temperate forest soils”, Landscape Ecol., vol. 7, p. 45-53, 1992.

M. C. Charpentier and P. M. Groffman, “Soil moisture variability within remote sensing pixels”, J. Geophys. Res., vol. 17, p. 19987-19998, 1992.

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