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Dr. Kathleen C. Weathers

Ecosystem Scientist | PhD, Rutgers University

Expertise
air-land-water interactions, heterogeneous landscapes, ecological importance of fog, air pollution, team science: training and research

Profile (pdf)

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Kathleen Weathers studies how ecosystem processes are affected by global changes within and among aquatic, airborne, and terrestrial systems.

Weathers is an expert on fog, which carries not only water, but nutrients, pollutants, and pathogens to the coastal and montane ecosystems it enshrouds. She studies feedbacks among ocean, air, and fog- dominated forests and, recently, how fog may affect transfer of pathogens from water to land.

As part of a long-term collaboration with Alexandra Ponette-González (University of Utah), students, and colleagues, Weathers is studying the effects of mineral dust and black carbon. Mineral dust can deliver toxic pollutants to ecosystems and is a growing concern as climate change exacerbates drought. Black carbon is known to cause lung and heart disease. This collaborative team is studying the role of vegetation in abating black carbon in urban areas.

From cyanobacteria to cyberinfrastructure, Weathers has spent the last two decades studying the impact of climate change on lakes. She was co-chair of the Global Lake Ecological Observatory Network (GLEON) for 10 years, guiding GLEON from its infancy to adulthood. The GLEON network’s aim: Through international team science, understand, predict, and communicate lakes’ response to environmental change using in-situ and remotely sensed data. This work encompasses impacts from human activities, including climate change, road salting, and land use.

Weathers and her colleagues have created a new model for interdisciplinary, network research that empowers early career scientists. The GLEON Fellowship Program/Lake Expeditions, designed and led by Weathers and Paul C. Hanson of UWisconsin, engages student cohorts in learning and using leadership and collaborative skills (a.k.a., team science) as well as cutting-edge analytical tools — such as machine learning — to answer pressing research questions focused on lakes. To date, five cohorts and more than 50 graduate students have been trained through this ‘career- and life-changing’ fellowship program.

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Simkin, Samuel M., Barbara L. Bedford, and Kathleen C. Weathers. 2021. “Regional Wetland Plant Responses to Sulfur and Other Porewater Chemistry in Calcareous Rich Fens”. Wetlands 41 (4). Springer Science and Business Media LLC. doi:10.1007/s13157-021-01438-1.
Weng, Weizhe, Kevin J. Boyle, Kaitlin J. Farrell, Cayelan C. Carey, Kelly M. Cobourn, Hilary A. Dugan, Paul C. Hanson, Nicole K. Ward, and Kathleen C. Weathers. 2020. “Coupling Natural and Human Models in the Context of a Lake Ecosystem: Lake Mendota, Wisconsin, USA”. Ecological Economics 169. Elsevier BV: 106556. doi:10.1016/j.ecolecon.2019.106556.
Dugan, Hilary A., Nicholas K. Skaff, Jonathan P. Doubek, Sarah L. Bartlett, Samantha M. Burke, Flora E. Krivak, Jamie C. Summers, Paul C. Hanson, and Kathleen C. Weathers. 2020. “Lakes at Risk of Chloride Contamination”. Environmental Science & Technology 54 (11). American Chemical Society (ACS): 6639-50. doi:10.1021/acs.est.9b07718.
Brentrup, J. A., D. C. Richardson, C. C. Carey, N. K. Ward, D. A. Bruesewitz, and Kathleen C. Weathers. 2020. “Under-Ice Respiration Rates Shift the Annual Carbon Cycle in the Mixed Layer of an Oligotrophic Lake from Autotrophy to Heterotrophy”. Inland Waters.
Stachelek, J., W. Weng, C. C. Carey, A. R. Kemanian, K. M. Cobourn, T. Wagner, Kathleen C. Weathers, and P. A. Soranno. (2025) 2020. “Granular Measures of Agricultural Land Use Influence Lake Nitrogen and Phosphorus Differently at Macroscales”. Ecological Applications 30 (8).
Ward, N. K., B. G. Steele, Kathleen C. Weathers, K. L. Cottingham, H. A. Ewing, P. C. Hanson, and C. C. Carey. (2025) 2020. “Differential Responses of Maximum Versus Median Chlorophyll-Ato Air Temperature and Nutrient Loads in an Oligotrophic Lake Over 31 Years”. Water Resources Research 56 (7).
Ewing, Holly A., Kathleen C. Weathers, Kathryn L. Cottingham, P.R. Leavitt, Meredith L. Greer, Cayelan C. Carey, B. G. Steele, Alyeska U. Fiorillo, and John P. Sowles. 2020. “‘New’ Cyanobacterial Blooms Are Not New: Two Centuries of Lake Production Are Related to Ice Cover and Land Use”. Ecosphere 11 (6). Wiley. doi:10.1002/ecs2.3170.
Lewis, Abigail S. L., Brian S. Kim, Hailee L. Edwards, Heather L. Wander, Claire M. Garfield, Heather E. Murphy, Noah D. Poulin, et al. 2020. “Prevalence of Phytoplankton Limitation by Both Nitrogen and Phosphorus Related to Nutrient Stoichiometry, Land Use, and Primary Producer Biomass across the Northeastern United States”. Inland Waters 10 (1). Informa UK Limited: 42-50. doi:10.1080/20442041.2019.1664233.
Cottingham, Kathryn L., Kathleen C. Weathers, Holly A. Ewing, Meredith L. Greer, and Cayelan C. Carey. 2020. “Predicting the Effects of Climate Change on Freshwater Cyanobacterial Blooms Requires Consideration of the Complete Cyanobacterial Life Cycle”. Journal of Plankton Research 43 (1). Oxford University Press (OUP): 10-19. doi:10.1093/plankt/fbaa059.
Weathers, Kathleen C., Alexandra G. Ponette-González, and Todd E. Dawson. 2020. “Medium, Vector, and Connector: Fog and the Maintenance of Ecosystems”. Ecosystems 23 (1). Springer Science and Business Media LLC: 217-29. doi:10.1007/s10021-019-00388-4.
Dawson, K. R., D.C. Richardson, and Kathleen C. Weathers. 2019. “How Ecosystem Function Differs across a Gradient of Lake Sizes: Don’t Forget about the Little Ones”. In Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Integrative-and-Comparative-Biology (SICB). Tampa, FL: Soc Integrat & Comparat Biol.
Evans, Sarah E., M. E. Dueker, Robert Logan, and Kathleen C. Weathers. 2019. “The Biology of Fog: Results from Coastal Maine and Namib Desert Reveal Common Drivers of Fog Microbial Composition”. Science of The Total Environment 647: 1547-56. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.08.045.
Broadley, Hannah J., Kathryn L. Cottingham, Nicholas A. Baer, Kathleen C. Weathers, Holly A. Ewing, Ramsa Chaves-Ulloa, Jessica Chickering, Adam M. Wilson, Jenisha Shrestha, and Celia Y. Chen. 2019. “Factors Affecting MeHg Bioaccumulation in Stream Biota: The Role of Dissolved Organic Carbon and Diet”. Ecotoxicology 28 (8). Springer Science and Business Media LLC: 949-63. doi:10.1007/s10646-019-02086-2.
Kelly, Victoria R., Stuart E. G. Findlay, Stephen K. Hamilton, Gary M. Lovett, and Kathleen C. Weathers. 2019. “Seasonal and Long-Term Dynamics in Stream Water Sodium Chloride Concentrations and the Effectiveness of Road Salt Best Management Practices”. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution 230 (1). doi:10.1007/s11270-018-4060-2.
Boucher, Jonah, Kathleen C. Weathers, Hamid Norouzi, and B.B. Steele. 2018. “Assessing the Effectiveness of Landsat 8 Chlorophyll <i>a< i> Retrieval Algorithms for Regional Freshwater Monitoring”. Ecological Applications 28 (4): 1044-54. doi:10.1002/eap.1708.
McCullough, Ian M., Hilary A. Dugan, Kaitlin J. Farrell, Ana M. Morales-Williams, Zutao Ouyang, Derek Roberts, Facundo Scordo, et al. 2018. “Dynamic Modeling of Organic Carbon Fates in Lake Ecosystems”. Ecological Modelling 386: 71-82. doi:10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2018.08.009.
Cobourn, Kelly, Cayelan C. Carey, Kevin J. Boyle, Christopher Duffy, Hilary A. Dugan, Kaitlin J. Farrell, Leah Fitchett, et al. 2018. “From Concept to Practice to Policy: Modeling Coupled Natural and Human Systems in Lake Catchments”. Ecosphere 9 (5): e02209. doi:10.1002/ecs2.2209.
Dietze, Michael C., Andrew Fox, Lindsay M. Beck-Johnson, Julio L. Betancourt, Mevin B. Hooten, Catherine S. Jarnevich, Tim H Keitt, et al. 2018. “Iterative Near-Term Ecological Forecasting: Needs, Opportunities, and Challenges”. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115 (7): 1424-32. doi:10.1073/pnas.1710231115.
Engel, Fabian, Kaitlin J. Farrell, Ian M. McCullough, Facundo Scordo, Blaize A. Denfeld, Hilary A. Dugan, Elvira de Eyto, et al. 2018. “A Lake Classification Concept for a More Accurate Global Estimate of the Dissolved Inorganic Carbon Export from Terrestrial Ecosystems to Inland Waters”. The Science of Nature 105 (3-4). doi:10.1007/s00114-018-1547-z.
Ponette-González, Alexandra, J. D. Collins, J. E. Manuel, T. A. Byers, G. Glass, Kathleen C. Weathers, and T. E. Gill. 2018. “Wet Dust Deposition across Texas During the 2012 Drought: An Overlooked Pathway for Elemental Flux to Ecosystems”. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. doi:10.1029/2018JD028806.

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